Did Indians know that Earth is a spherical object in the space? What is mentioned in Trailokya Sansthan chapter 13 of Pancha Siddhantika?
"Pancha Siddhantika" is a book written by Acharya Varahmihira (Indian Scholar of 5th century) on the subject of astronomy.
In the 13th chapter called "Trailokya sansthanam" of "Pancha Siddhantika", Acharya Varahmihira mentions that the Earth is sphere suspended in the space.
In the 13th chapter called "Trailokya sansthanam" of "Pancha Siddhantika", Acharya Varahmihira mentions that the Earth is sphere suspended in the space.
Earth is a spherical object suspended in the space:
Here is the English translation (actual Sanskrit text) of some verses:
- The round ball of the earth, composed of the five elements, abides in the space in the midst of the starry sphere, like a piece of iron suspended between magnets.
- Straight above Meru in space one pole is seen, the other pole is seen below, placed in space (above Manasottar).
- The whole earth is spotted by trees, mountains, cities, rivers, oceans, etc. The Meru mountain (forming the North Pole), is the abode of Devas. Th Asuras, (Demons) are down below (i.e. at the south pole).
- Just as the reflection of objects on the edge of a water course is upside-down, so the Asuras are, (with respect to Devas). The Asuras too consider the Devas to be upside-down.
- Just as the flame of fire, observed by men here, flares upwards and anything thrown up falls down towards the earth, the same upward flaring of the flame and the downward falling of the object is experienced by the Asuras (at the ant-polar region)
- The axis of the earth extends right up and right down to the stellar sphere. The stellar sphere, bound by the axis to the earth, rotates by the wind system called Pravaha.
- Others say that Earth rotates on its axis, like an object placed at the hub of a wheel, and not the stars.
Reference link to the Ebook (Pancha Siddhantika) -
https://archive.org/details/PanchaSiddhantika/page/n273/mode/2up
- The round ball of the earth, composed of the five elements, abides in the space in the midst of the starry sphere, like a piece of iron suspended between magnets.
- Straight above Meru in space one pole is seen, the other pole is seen below, placed in space (above Manasottar).
- The whole earth is spotted by trees, mountains, cities, rivers, oceans, etc. The Meru mountain (forming the North Pole), is the abode of Devas. Th Asuras, (Demons) are down below (i.e. at the south pole).
- Just as the reflection of objects on the edge of a water course is upside-down, so the Asuras are, (with respect to Devas). The Asuras too consider the Devas to be upside-down.
- Just as the flame of fire, observed by men here, flares upwards and anything thrown up falls down towards the earth, the same upward flaring of the flame and the downward falling of the object is experienced by the Asuras (at the ant-polar region)
- The axis of the earth extends right up and right down to the stellar sphere. The stellar sphere, bound by the axis to the earth, rotates by the wind system called Pravaha.
- Others say that Earth rotates on its axis, like an object placed at the hub of a wheel, and not the stars.
Reference link to the Ebook (Pancha Siddhantika) -
https://archive.org/details/PanchaSiddhantika/page/n273/mode/2up
What is mentioned in some other scriptures:
Here is the English translation (actual Sanskrit text) of some verses from (Aitariya Brahmana, Sukta 14, Shloka 6):
He (i.e. the sun) neither sets nor rises. What is believed to be his set is (as a matter of fact) his turning himself round at the end of the day. He makes night on this side and day on other. Similarly what is taken to be his rise in the morning is (as a matter of fact) his turning himself round at the end of the night, when he makes this day on this side and the night on the other side. In fact he (the sun) never sets.
Above verses from ancient Indian texts clearly indicate the Indians were well aware of the structure of the earth. There were lot of researches going on the science of astronomy thousands of years back.
Some more English translation of Sanskrit text from "Pancha Siddhantika":
He (i.e. the sun) neither sets nor rises. What is believed to be his set is (as a matter of fact) his turning himself round at the end of the day. He makes night on this side and day on other. Similarly what is taken to be his rise in the morning is (as a matter of fact) his turning himself round at the end of the night, when he makes this day on this side and the night on the other side. In fact he (the sun) never sets.
Above verses from ancient Indian texts clearly indicate the Indians were well aware of the structure of the earth. There were lot of researches going on the science of astronomy thousands of years back.
Some more English translation of Sanskrit text from "Pancha Siddhantika":
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